IWPR Publication

Social Security: The Largest Source of Income for Both Women and Men in Retirement
by Heidi Hartmann, Ph.D., Sunhwa Lee, Ph.D. (April 2003)

This briefing paper uses the Current Population Survey to focus on four major sources of income for persons aged 50 and older--earnings, Social Security, pensions, and assets--and shows that during retirement, Social Security is the most universal and the largest source of income for both women and men.